Gibberellins are a group of growth hormones that control such diverse processes as seed germination, stem elongation, leaf expansion and flower and fruit development. Gibberellins are defined on the basis of chemical structures, so they include not only bioactive hormones (such as GA1 and GA4) but also their biosynthetic precursors and inactivated forms. Gibberellins are named GA1...GAx in order of their discovery. Gibberellins are diterpenoid compounds biosynthesized from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP), a common C20 terpenoid precursor. The major gibberellin biosynthesis pathway from GGDP in Arabidopsis is shown here.
Gene name | Locus name | Description |
---|---|---|
AtCPS/GA1 | At4g02780 | ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase |
AtKS/GA2 | At1g79460 | ent-kaurene synthase |
AtKO/GA3 | At5g25900 | ent-kaurenoic oxidase/CYP701A3 |
AtKAO1 | At1g05160 | ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase/CYP88A3 |
AtKAO2 | At2g32440 | ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase/CYP88A4 |
AtGA20ox1/GA5 | At4g25420 | GA 20-oxidase |
AtGA20ox2 | At5g51810 | GA 20-oxidase |
AtGA20ox3 | At5g07200 | GA 20-oxidase |
AtGA20ox4 | At1g60980 | GA 20-oxidase |
AtGA20ox5 | At1g44090 | GA 20-oxidase |
AtGA3ox1/GA4 | At1g15550 | GA 3-oxidase |
AtGA3ox2 | At1g80340 | GA 3-oxidase |
AtGA3ox3 | At4g21690 | GA 3-oxidase |
AtGA3ox4 | At1g80330 | GA 3-oxidase |
AtGA2ox1 | At1g78440 | GA 2-oxidase (class I) |
AtGA2ox2 | At1g30040 | GA 2-oxidase (class I) |
AtGA2ox3 | At2g34555 | GA 2-oxidase (class I) |
AtGA2ox4 | At1g47990 | GA 2-oxidase (class II) |
AtGA2ox5 | pseudogene | |
AtGA2ox6 | At1g02400 | GA 2-oxidase (class II) |
AtGA2ox7 | At1g50960 | GA 2-oxidase (class III) |
AtGA2ox8 | At4g21200 | GA 2-oxidase (class III) |
GAMT1 | At4g26420 | GA methyltransferase |
GAMT2 | At5g56300 | GA methyltransferase |